Skip to main content

AI and Blockchain for Healthcare Data Security in Smart Cities

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
AI and IoT for Smart City Applications

Abstract

The healthcare industry is interested in various AI and blockchain technology characteristics, such as the immutability of data stored in a blockchain. Numerous interesting IoT-based applications are being examined. IoT-based Clinical and biological research will be sped up, biomedical and healthcare data ledgers will be advanced using Blockchain and AI. These evaluations are based on essential Blockchain and AI technology features such as decentralized management, immutable audit trails, data authenticity, resilience, better security, and most importantly, the restoration of charterers’ rights. Blockchain and AI are being used to create innovative and advanced solutions to improve the present standards of medical data handling, sharing, processing, analysis, and classification according to the outcomes. With enhanced efficiency, access control, technical development, privacy protection, and security of operational data processes, blockchain technology is transforming the IoT-based healthcare industry. In this chapter, we proposed AI and Blockchain based framework for improving the data security in the smart cities domain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Yoon H-J (2019) Blockchain technology and healthcare. Healthcare Informat Res 25(2):59. https://doi.org/10.4258/hir.2019.25.2.59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Tandon A et al (2020) Blockchain in healthcare: a systematic literature review, synthesizing framework and future research agenda. Comput Ind 122(103290):103290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103290

  3. Ahmad K (2020) Blockchain technology and its implementations in medical and healthcare field. Int J Eng Res Technol 9(9). https://www.ijert.org/blockchain-technology-and-its-implementations-in-medical-and-healthcare-field. Accessed 20 Aug 2021

  4. Du X et al (2021) Research on the application of blockchain in smart healthcare: constructing a hierarchical framework. J Healthcare Eng. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jhe/2021/6698122/. Accessed 10 June 2021

  5. Ray PP et al (2020) Blockchain for IoT-based healthcare: background, consensus, platforms, and use cases. IEEE Syst J 15(1):1–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2020.2963840. Accessed 27 Mar 2020

  6. Vyas S et al (2019) Converging blockchain and machine learning for healthcare. IEEE Xplore. ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8701230. Accessed 20 Aug 2021

    Google Scholar 

  7. Yaqoob S et al (2019) Use of blockchain in healthcare: a systematic literature review. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl 10(5). https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2019.0100581. Accessed 21 Nov 2019

  8. Nguyen DC, Ding M, Pathirana PN, Seneviratne A (2021) Blockchain and AI-based solutions to combat coronavirus (COVID-19)-like epidemics: a survey. IEEE Access 9:95730–95753. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3093633

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Agbo C et al (2019) Blockchain technology in healthcare: a systematic review. Healthcare 7(2):56. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/7/2/56/htm. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7020056

  10. Hölbl M et al (2018) A systematic review of the use of blockchain in healthcare. Symmetry 10(10):470. https://www.res.mdpi.com/symmetry/symmetry-10-00470/article_deploy/symmetry-10-00470-v2.pdf. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym10100470

  11. Wang S et al (2018) Blockchain-powered parallel healthcare systems based on the ACP approach. IEEE Trans Comput Soc Syst 5(4):942–950. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcss.2018.2865526. Accessed 9 Sep 2019

  12. Omar IA, Jayaraman R, Debe MS, Salah K, Yaqoob I, Omar M (2021) Automating procurement contracts in the healthcare supply chain using blockchain smart contracts. IEEE Access 9:37397–37409. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3062471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Zheng K, Liu Y, Dai C, Duan Y, Huang X (2018) Model checking PBFT consensus mechanism in healthcare blockchain network. In: 2018 9th International conference on information technology in medicine and education (ITME), 2018, pp 877–881. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITME.2018.00196

  14. Goel U, Ruhl R, Zavarsky P (2019) Using healthcare authority and patient blockchains to develop a tamper-proof record tracking system. In: 2019 IEEE 5th intl conference on big data security on cloud (BigDataSecurity), IEEE Intl conference on high performance and smart computing, (HPSC) and IEEE Intl conference on intelligent data and security (IDS), 2019, pp 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1109/BigDataSecurity-HPSC-IDS.2019.00016

  15. Yu Kun-Hsing et al (2018) Artificial intelligence in healthcare. Nat Biomed Eng 2(10):719–731. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41551-018-0305-z. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-018-0305-z

  16. Dorado-Díaz P Ignacio et al (2019) Applications of artificial intelligence in cardiology. The future is already here. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) 72(12):1065–1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rec.2019.05.014. Accessed 12 Dec 2019

  17. Faizal KZ, Alotaibi SF (2020) Applications of artificial intelligence and big data analytics in m-health: a healthcare system perspective. J Healthcare Eng. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jhe/2020/8894694/

  18. Reddy S et al (2018) Artificial intelligence-enabled healthcare delivery. J R Soc Med 112(1):22–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076818815510

  19. Noorbakhsh-Sabet N et al (2019) Artificial intelligence transforms the future of health care. Am J Med 132(7):795–801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.01.017

  20. Treiblmaier H et al (2020) Blockchain as a driver for smart city development: application fields and a comprehensive research agenda. Smart Cities 3(3):853–872. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities3030044. Accessed 12 Aug 2020

  21. Angraal S et al (2017) Blockchain technology. Circul Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 10(9). https://doi.org/10.1161/circoutcomes.117.003800

  22. Chamola V, Hassija V, Gupta V, Guizani M (2020) A Comprehensive review of the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of IoT, drones, AI, blockchain, and 5G in managing its impact. IEEE Access 8:90225–90265. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2992341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Firouzi F et al. (2021) Harnessing the power of smart and connected health to tackle COVID-19: IoT, AI, robotics, and blockchain for a better world. In: IEEE IoT J 8(16):12826–12846. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2021.3073904

  24. Tanwar S, Bhatia Q, Patel P, Kumari A, Singh PK, Hong W (2020) Machine learning adoption in blockchain-based smart applications: the challenges, and a way forward. IEEE Access 8:474–488. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2961372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Sun J et al (2016) Blockchain-based sharing services: what blockchain technology can contribute to smart cities. Fin Innov 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-016-0040-y

  26. Rajawat AS, Barhanpurkar K, Goyal SB, Bedi P, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2022) Efficient deep learning for reforming authentic content searching on big data. In: Bianchini M, Piuri V, Das S, Shaw RN (eds) Advanced computing and intelligent technologies. Lecture notes in networks and systems, vol 218. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2164-2_26

  27. Alam T (2021) Blockchain cities: the futuristic cities driven by Blockchain, big data and internet of things. GeoJournal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-021-10508-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Rajawat AS, Rawat R, Barhanpurkar K, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Blockchain-based model for expanding IoT device data security. In: Bansal JC, Fung LCC, Simic M, Ghosh A (eds) Advances in applications of data-driven computing. advances in intelligent systems and computing, vol 1319. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6919-1_5

  29. Tagde P, Tagde S, Bhattacharya T et al (2021) Blockchain and artificial intelligence technology in e-Health. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16223-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Rajawat AS, Rawat R, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Cyber physical system fraud analysis by mobile robot. In: Bianchini M, Simic M, Ghosh A, Shaw RN (eds) Machine learning for robotics applications. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 960. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0598-7_4

  31. Yaqoob I, Salah K, Jayaraman R et al (2021) Blockchain for healthcare data management: opportunities, challenges, and future recommendations. Neural Comput Appl. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05519-w

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Rajawat AS, Barhanpurkar K, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Risk detection in wireless body sensor networks for health monitoring using hybrid deep learning. In: Mekhilef S, Favorskaya M. Pandey RK, Shaw RN (eds) Innovations in electrical and electronic engineering. Lecture notes in electrical engineering, vol 756. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0749-3_54

  33. Rejeb A, Treiblmaier H, Rejeb K et al (2021) Blockchain research in healthcare: a bibliometric review and current research trends. J Data Inf Manage 3:109–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42488-021-00046-2

  34. Zhang G, Li T, Li Y et al (2018) Blockchain-based data sharing system for AI-powered network operations. J Commun Inf Netw 3:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41650-018-0024-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Bedi P, Goyal SB, Rajawat AS, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2022) A framework for personalizing atypical web search sessions with concept-based user profiles using selective machine learning techniques. In: Bianchini M, Piuri V, Das S, Shaw RN (eds) Advanced computing and intelligent technologies. Lecture notes in networks and systems, vol 218. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2164-2_23

  36. Goyal SB, Bedi P, Rajawat AS, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2022) Multi-objective fuzzy-swarm optimizer for data partitioning. In: Bianchini M, Piuri V, Das S, Shaw RN (eds) Advanced computing and intelligent technologies. Lecture notes in networks and systems, vol 218. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2164-2_25

  37. Garg C, Namdeo A, Singhal A, Singh P, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2022) Adaptive fuzzy logic models for the prediction of compressive strength of sustainable concrete. In: Bianchini M, Piuri V, Das S, Shaw RN (eds) Advanced computing and intelligent technologies. Lecture notes in networks and systems, vol 218. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2164-2_47

  38. Palimkar P, Bajaj V, Mal AK, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2022) Unique action identifier by using magnetometer, accelerometer and gyroscope: KNN approach. In: Bianchini M, Piuri V, Das S, Shaw RN (eds) Advanced computing and intelligent technologies. Lecture notes in networks and systems, vol 218. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2164-2_48

  39. Rawat R, Mahor V, Chirgaiya S, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Analysis of darknet traffic for criminal activities detection using TF-IDF and light gradient boosted machine learning algorithm. In: Mekhilef S, Favorskaya M, Pandey RK, Shaw RN (eds) Innovations in electrical and electronic engineering. Lecture notes in electrical engineering, vol 756. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0749-3_53

  40. Rawat R, Rajawat AS, Mahor V, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Dark web—onion hidden service discovery and crawling for profiling morphing, unstructured crime and vulnerabilities prediction. In: Mekhilef S, Favorskaya M, Pandey RK, Shaw RN (eds) Innovations in electrical and electronic engineering. Lecture notes in electrical engineering, vol 756. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0749-3_57

  41. Paul A, Sinha S, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) A neuro-fuzzy based IDS for internet-integrated WSN. In: Bansal JC, Paprzycki M, Bianchini M, Das S (eds) Computationally intelligent systems and their applications. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 950. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0407-2_6

  42. Rawat R, Mahor V, Chirgaiya S, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Sentiment analysis at online social network for cyber-malicious post reviews using machine learning techniques. In: Bansal JC, Paprzycki M, Bianchini M, Das S (eds) Computationally intelligent systems and their applications. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 950. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0407-2_9

  43. Kumar A, Das S, Tyagi V, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Analysis of classifier algorithms to detect anti-money laundering. In: Bansal JC, Paprzycki M, Bianchini M, Das S (eds) Computationally intelligent systems and their applications. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 950. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0407-2_11

  44. Rawat R, Rajawat AS, Mahor V, Shaw RN, Ghosh A (2021) Surveillance robot in cyber intelligence for vulnerability detection. In: Bianchini M, Simic M, Ghosh A, Shaw RN (eds) Machine learning for robotics applications. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 960. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0598-7_9

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Rajawat, A.S., Bedi, P., Goyal, S.B., Shaw, R.N., Ghosh, A., Aggarwal, S. (2022). AI and Blockchain for Healthcare Data Security in Smart Cities. In: Piuri, V., Shaw, R.N., Ghosh, A., Islam, R. (eds) AI and IoT for Smart City Applications. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 1002. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7498-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7498-3_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-16-7497-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-16-7498-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics